Articles Posted in The Billable Hour Business Model

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The Point

1. Legal media, and conversations with my personal contacts, are replete with stories of attorneys in law firms and in-house counsel who are being brutally overworked by hourly billing quotas, and by strained law department budgets with significantly increased workloads (e.g., here and here).

2. This to an extent that substantially jeopardizes those attorneys’ wellbeing. (“Mental health initiatives aren’t curbing lawyer stress and anxiety, new study shows,” May 2023, American Bar Association Journal.)

3. Thereby placing at significant risk the business clients of those lawyers. Continue reading

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The Point

The business press and specialty legal press are replete with speculation about how “Generative AI”, ChatGPT, GPT4, and other AI developments might change law firms’ delivery of legal services. Most center their discussion on functionality: How well will they work?

But the likelihood, and pace, of adoption will depend on the answers to two other questions:

1. Will law firms apply such exciting new technology to significant portions of their work now performed by junior associate lawyers at hundreds per hour?

2. If so, will law firms share with clients — by reduced charges — the resulting efficiencies?

Based on my career as a practicing lawyer, and my 12 years as a business executive at Whirlpool and GE (where I worked with and supervised law firms), I believe that the answer to each of these questions is more likely to be “no” than “yes”. Continue reading

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The Point

This week a strategy consultant sought my advice about engaging counsel on the legal implications of a project. I explained that her project was in an area where governing law was relatively straightforward. Though attorneys need to do lots of expensive work to address some situations, this project was not one of them.

I cautioned that too many firms incentivize lawyers into framing business issues so as to insert more complexity, more complication, and more uncertainty than the situation warrants. And then bill accordingly. So she needed to carefully select trustworthy, client-focused counsel.

From my email later that day:

” … In connection with my apologies earlier for possible cynicism about having to carefully manage one’s lawyers, the linked tweet from an attorney and technology expert I admire (Alex Su) illustrates why I am so cautious … The law can be an honorable profession, but clients need to be realistic about the perverse incentives their lawyers are working under.” Continue reading

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The Point

Why don’t law firms use a software-enabled platform to automate transaction processes that attorneys typically carry out themselves? For less cost, with more accuracy, and faster than those attorneys can do manually?

Last month Gartner analyst Ron Friedmann put the question this way:

“Over the last 5-7 years, we’ve seen the rise of deal platforms. Have these helped address this problem? I thought this class of LegalTech would sweep the market because it can reduce coordination. But my sense is it has not. Is this read right? If so, what went wrong?” Continue reading

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The Point

The above from a headline in Corporate Counsel (subscription required) last week.

Nathan Cemenska is an attorney who is Director of Legal Operation and Industry Insights at Wolters Kluwer ELM solutions. In a report issued earlier this month, LegalVIEW Insights volume 2023-1: Law firm rate increases, he contends that intimidation confines corporate Legal’s negotiation efforts to “where it matters least”:

“In smaller, less expensive firms where both rate increases and the underlying rate tend to be lower, limiting opportunities for savings …

“As long as corporate law departments continue to stand in awe of their largest firms and steer away from the application of any serious pressure to rates at the biggest firms, hourly rates at those firms will compound year over year and become outrageous by any definition.” Continue reading

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The Point

From Radiant Law Founder Alex Hamilton’s brief interview video contained within LexisNexis’ lengthy new report, Calling Time on the Billable Hour:

“When we started Radiant, what was absolutely clear to us was that the incentives were all messed up within law firms … If you’ve worked … like I have as a partner of a big law firm, you know that there is a huge amount of silly activities that are not really adding value and are being charged to the client at huge rates.

” … We knew that we had to fix the incentive problem … no hourly billing. What has that meant for us? It’s meant that we are at risk … We’ve had to figure out how to do deals or write business contracts in a way that we’re not constantly losing.

“Because we know the game, the initial estimate is always blown through in the hourly billing world. If you have to live with a fixed price, and really live with a fixed price, then you’ve got to get better at how you do it.” Continue reading

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The Point

My previous article reported that an internationally prominent alternative legal services provider (ALSP), Axiom, had launched a law firm as its wholly-owned subsidiary in Arizona — with operations and offerings of both ALSP and law firm fully integrated into each other. Last year, Elevate Services, another internationally prominent ALSP, launched its own, wholly-owned and fully-integrated law practice in Arizona under the same regulatory reform that Axiom enjoys.

(An ALSP is typically owned by a legal entity such as a corporation, and offers automated business processes and technologies that do routine and recurring legal tasks more efficiently, more cheaply and more accurately than law firm attorneys or in-house counsel typically can.)

In considering the implications for businesses located outside of Arizona (and outside of Utah, which has enacted similar reforms relating to law firm ownership), I saw two possibilities.

First, might the other 48 states adopt reforms like Arizona’s and Utah’s that allow a business entity like a corporation operating an ALSP to own a law firm? Very unlikely any time soon, I suggested. In the U.S., our legal profession’s opposition is too united — and too vehement.

Second, might integrated ALSP / law firm services authorized by Arizona or Utah law be offered outside of those states under the existing regulatory framework that has long enabled, say, a New York-headquartered law firm to service clients throughout the U.S.? This looks a lot more feasible. Continue reading

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The Point

In every U.S. jurisdiction except Arizona and Utah: “A lawyer or law firm shall not share legal fees with a nonlawyer ….” (With exceptions set forth here that don’t apply to this discussion).

In plain terms, American Bar Association Rule 5.4, and its counterparts in the legal “ethics” canons of the other 48 states, says that lawyers — and no individual or entity other than lawyers — may have any ownership interest in a law practice.

Not a Big Four accounting firm that fields its own teams of attorneys. (In contrast with England & Wales, or Singapore, or Spain, or Canada).

Not an alternative legal services provider (ALSP) that “segments” services ranging from the most sophisticated one-on-one legal advice to automated business processes that do routine and recurring legal tasks more efficiently, more cheaply and more accurately than law firm attorneys or in-house counsel. (Again, in contrast with England & Wales ….) Continue reading

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The Point

Where corporate Legal needs the services of a specialist, it should look primarily among law firm partners for the practitioner who has spent years — more typically decades — focused on the narrow legal area in which the company’s need arises (more on this here and here).

Surprisingly, attorneys employed by such firms as associates — especially the larger ones — receive very little training for their work (see here, here, and here). Yet these law firms assign such associates alongside such partners and bill them at hundreds per hour for their supporting role.

Management lesson: Corporate Legal, to get the expertise its client company requires, should maximize the services of the specialists it really needs, and minimize the services of associates who role is mainly to bloat billable hours (see here and here about the law firm financial technique called “associate leverage”). Continue reading

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The Point

From a November 28 report in American Lawyer Media / Law.com (subscription required):

“‘Surprised, Angry, Dismayed’: Legal Departments Vow to Fight Law Firms’ Rate-Hike Plans … The in-house legal community is expressing outrage that law firms will be pressing for aggressive rate hikes in 2023, even though they know that legal departments are under extraordinary pressure as the economic outlook sours”.

C-Suites and business owners concerned about their Legal functions have three options here:

1. The emotional option: Whine about frustrations,

2. The tactical option: Make do the best they can without challenging law firms’ status quo for hiring specialist attorneys, and

3. The strategic option: Take charge, using the same management disciplines by which other corporate functions and business units achieve operational effectiveness. Continue reading

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